Anterior Knee Pain

Pathophysiology

The joint where the kneecap (Patella) meets the upper leg bone (Femur) is called the patellofemoral joint, the kneecap sits in a groove here. Pain is often caused by an imbalance of the muscles that surround and support the knee; this can alter the load and positioning of the patellofemoral joint. Also known as: anterior knee pain, runner’s knee.

Symptoms

• Pain at the front of the knee, often vague and intermittent

• Pain with kneeling/direct pressure

• Often gradual onset related to increased load or activity

• May be creaking noise of the knee on movement

• Often aggravated by walking, running, stairs and deep squatting

• Swelling on acute episodes

Management

• Activity modification

• Ice or heat

• Pain relief

• Suitable footwear which provide support

• Physiotherapy including range of movement exercises and a graded strengthening programme

• Orthopaedic options – 3-6 months conservative measures unless dislocated on more than 3 occasions

Investigations

Generally not indicated